Linux for Developers Course
Linux for Developers
/
Intermediate

Octal Permissions

Definition

A numeric system (0-7) used to quickly set permissions using `chmod`. Read = 4, Write = 2, Execute = 1.

Explain Like I'm New

Math for permissions. Instead of typing out `chmod u+rwx,g+rx,o+r`, you just add the numbers together. 4+2+1 = 7. 4+1 = 5. Read only = 4. So you type `chmod 754`.

Real World Example

A web server requires files to be readable and writable by the owner, and strictly unreadable by anyone else. The developer types `chmod 600 secrets.txt` (6 = 4+2 for owner, 0 for group, 0 for others).

Common Use Cases

  • •Rapidly setting exact permissions
  • •Infrastructure as Code

Interview Questions

basic

  • What does `chmod 777` do, and why is it dangerous?

intermediate

  • What numeric value would you use to give the Owner Read/Write, the Group Read-only, and Others absolutely nothing?

Flash Cards

Question

What is 777?

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Answer

It gives Read, Write, and Execute permissions to absolutely everyone on the system. It is highly dangerous because any hacker or malicious script can modify or delete the file.

Question

Owner RW, Group R, Others 0?

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Answer

`640`. (Owner: 4+2=6. Group: 4. Others: 0).